Unlike dialogue-oriented formats, written formats enable information to be shared independently of time and place, allowing policymakers and other stakeholders to engage with research at their own pace. They can serve different purposes, from raising awareness about an issue and summarising existing evidence to providing detailed analyses and concrete policy recommendations.

Written formats encompass a broad range of outputs, including policy briefs, reports, fact sheets, position papers, consultation responses, and evidence summaries. While these formats differ in length, style, and target audience, they all aim to translate complex research into clear and relevant information that can be readily understood and applied in policy contexts.

These formats are particularly valuable when policymakers require concise, reliable, and well-structured evidence to inform discussions, develop strategies, or support legislative and administrative processes. Effective written communication can help bridge the gap between research and policy by making scientific knowledge more accessible, relevant, and actionable.

The examples presented in this section showcase a variety of written formats used across Europe to facilitate evidence-informed policymaking. They illustrate different ways of tailoring research-based information to policy audiences and demonstrate how written communication can contribute to productive exchanges between the research and policy communities.